What Type of Process is Laser Cutting Services?

Laser cutting is a non-contact, thermal separation process that employs an intensely focused beam of light to precisely cut, engrave, or etch various materials. This advanced method utilizes computer-controlled systems to guide the laser along predetermined paths, allowing for exceptional detail and repeatable accuracy. As a non-contact technique, the laser does not physically touch the material — minimizing wear on tools and avoiding mechanical stress or distortion during cutting.

How the Process Works

  1. Laser Generation:
    A laser beam — typically from a CO₂ laser or a fiber laser — is generated and directed through mirrors or fiber optics to focus the light into a high-energy beam.
  2. Material Interaction:
    When the focused beam strikes a surface, it rapidly heats the material at the focal point. This localized energy melts, burns, or vaporizes the material along the cut line.
  3. Assist Gas Usage:
    An assist gas (such as oxygen or nitrogen) helps blow away molten debris and slag, ensuring clean, smooth edges. Oxygen boosts cutting speed and creates thin oxidized edges; nitrogen prevents oxidation and delivers exceptionally clean finishes.
  4. Material Separation:
    Depending on the material and configuration, the laser performs specific processes:
  • Fusion cutting for radiant metal separation.
  • Vaporization for non-metals like wood or acrylic.
  • Reactive cutting using oxygen for thicker carbon steels.
  • Thermal stress cracking in brittle substances like glass.

CO₂ vs. Fiber Lasers

  • CO₂ Lasers
    These gas-based lasers emit at around 10.6 µm and excel in cutting non-metals and thicker metals. They’re effective and versatile, though they tend to be slower and less energy-efficient.
  • Fiber Lasers
    Utilizing a solid-state fiber medium, these lasers emit shorter wavelengths (~1 µm), making them ideal for cutting metals like stainless steel, brass, and copper. They are considerably faster and more energy-efficient — up to 3–5× less energy compared to CO₂ lasers.

Advantages of Laser Cutting Services

  1. High Precision — Micron-level accuracy enables complex and repeatable patterns.
  2. Clean Cuts — Assisted gas systems and non-contact cutting produce burr-free finishes with minimal cleanup.
  3. Material Versatility — From delicate fabrics and wood to thick metals — laser cutting adapts efficiently.
  4. Speed and Efficiency — Automated CNC cutting systems significantly reduce production time, especially with fiber lasers.
  5. Low Waste — Tight kerf and precise cuts minimize material waste, contributing to cost-effectiveness and sustainability.

Laser Cutting at Swordfish Works

East London’s Swordfish Works specializes in providing professional laser cutting services, primarily using CO₂ laser systems. Their workshop operates five CNC-controlled CO₂ machines of varying sizes — enabling them to cut large material sheets and execute finely detailed cuts. Their expert technicians offer material consultation to recommend the most suitable laser settings and assist gas based on project needs — whether you’re creating prototypes, signage, art, or industrial components.

In summary, laser cutting is a versatile and advanced thermal cutting process — with CO₂ and fiber lasers offering unique advantages. Companies like Swordfish Works leverage this technology to offer highly precise and efficient fabrication solutions for clients across East London and beyond. Let me know if you’d like a version focused on materials, industries, or environmental aspects!

Original Source: Laser cutting London

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